Romeo and Juliet Influence of Context - 717 Words

The opening prologue to Romeo and Juliet is heavily shaped by the context of the Elizabethan period. The Elizabethan era was a truly religious time in England where astrology and supernatural beliefs controlled the way a person was treated if they had medical issues. The people of the era believed in a specific hierarchy; this was known as the Great Chain of Being. It is believed that God was the ruler of everything followed by angels and arch angels, humans, animals, plants and minerals. The prologue of Romeo and Juliet is written in sonnet form which created a contemporary feel to the play. Shakespeares sonnets were popular among the English of the time period and they came to watch his plays in the Globe Theatre. His prologue in Romeo†¦show more content†¦The theme of fate and fortune in Romeo and Juliet is shown by the line ‘A pair of star-cross’d lovers take their life’. The word, ‘star-cross’d’ portray that the two lovers, Romeo and Juliet, will meet because the stars are aligned for them. This shows that fate is a concept in Shakespeares play. Fortune was a big part of the Elizabethan world and was believed to be the main controlling force in life. From zodiac signs to the wheel of Fortune, Elizabethan’s believed in fate and theShow MoreRelatedCritical Analysis Of Romeo And Juliet1197 Words   |  5 Pagesabout the ideal. In the novel â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† scripted by William Shakespeare the â€Å"pair of star-crossed lovers (Prologue, 5)† named Romeo and Juliet, do not follow through with this process, and these actions evidently lead to the worth of their lives. Shakespeare’s work is still as impeccable to the modern literary world as he has made a significant contribution to English Literature through both his poems and plays. When analysing and reading his work in context, it provides an insight into theRead MoreThe Dramatic Impact of Act 3 Scene of William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet1568 Words   |  7 PagesThe Dramatic Impact of Act 3 Scene of William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet, and in particular Act 3 scene 5 is full of dramatic tension, fuelled by various themes. Among the most prominent of these themes are those of secrecy, conflicting public an private worlds, dramatic irony, and the major contrasts in the beginning of the scene when compared to the end of the scene. Many of the stark contrasts that fill the play are clearly seen inRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Movie Analysis852 Words   |  4 PagesRomeo and Juliet is a true lovers’ tragedy, an epic masterpiece written by William Shakespeare in the peak of his creativity. It bears the existential dilemma of how to chase true love when all the odds are undeniably stacked against the seeker. The original play, first published in 1597, features the troubled paths of two star crossed lovers whose families despise each other with passion in deep extents. Over the centuries, there have been many interpretations of this play in various forms rangingRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1150 Words   |  5 Pages Romeo+Juliet, a kaleidoscopic film directed by Baz Lurmann, is an intriguing modern interpretation on Shakespeare’s 16th century romantic tragedy, Romeo and Juliet, which has been appropriated to suit the audience and context of modern day society. Lurmann said in an interview, â€Å"Shakespeare had an amazing genius for capturing who we are and revealing it to us. My job is just to re-reveal it.† Lurmann successfully appropriated Shakespeare’s original ideas of conflict, violence, love and death, whichRead MoreRomeo Juliet: A Dramedy to Remember1358 Words   |  6 Pageselements from his tragedies, Shakespeare set a clear division between the lighthearted ambiance found in A Midsummer Nights Dream and the heart wrenching despair that pervades Hamlet. However, Folger Theatre has cleared this divide with fervor. Romeo Juliet, a play that was once the epitome of tragic theatre, is no longer pigeonholed to the tight confines of tragedy in regards to mood and tone . While the original dialogue and themes are unchanged, and the show is still classically categorized asRead MoreThe Theme of Love Presented in William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet1630 Words   |  7 PagesThe Theme of Love Presented in William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Love, or a lack of it, is a very central theme in Romeo and Juliet and often is the root of many arguments in the play. It is very difficult to group love as just one thing as there are many versions of it. A love which the capulets particularly, seem to possess is a love of material possessions and power. For example, the Capulet ball (and subsequent plans for the marriage) is an indication of wealthRead MoreAppropriation of Romeo and Juliet by Shakespeare and Romeo+Juliet by Baz Luhrmann2533 Words   |  11 PagesDiscuss the appropriation of ‘Romeo and Juliet’ by William Shakespeare and ‘Romeo+Juliet’ by Baz Luhrmann Texts and ideas from texts are appropriated and transformed into other text forms and other compositions in a different context. An appropriation is a text that is appropriated or taken over by another composer and presented in a new way. ‘Romeo and Juliet’ is a well-known high culture text that is a tragedy about two young star-crossed lovers whose deaths ultimately unite their feuding familiesRead MoreLiterary Devices852 Words   |  4 Pagesspeeches or a situation of a drama and is understood by the  audience but not grasped by the characters in the play. i.e: In Romeo and Juliet, when Juliet drinks the sleeping potion and falls asleep. While she is sleeping, Romeo walks into the tomb, sees Juliet sleeping, and presumes her to really be dead. The audience knows she has just taken the potion, but in the play, Romeo does not know this. End Rhyme - A rhyme in the final syllable(s) of a verse. i.e And therefore is Love said to be aRead MoreBaz Luhrmanns Modern Version Of Romeo and Juliet1300 Words   |  6 PagesBaz Lurhmann’s creation of the film Romeo and Juliet has shown that today’s audience can still understand and appreciate William Shakespeare. Typically, when a modern audience think of Shakespeare, they immediately think it will be boring, yet Lurhmann successfully rejuvenates Romeo and Juliet. In his film production he uses a number of different cinematic techniques, costumes and a formidably enjoyable soundtrack; yet changes not one word from Shakespeare’s original play, thus making it appeal toRead More William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet1869 Words   |  8 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet In Romeo and Juliet, love is depicted in several ways. Both Luhrman and Shakespeare represent love in different ways in different contexts to both the Elizabethan era and the contemporary audience. Both the original and later manifestations of the text are valued because they both communicate to the audience on the values of love and society by employing a variety of devices. The central subject dealt within Romeo and Juliet is the subject of love.

Major Risk Factors For Many Residents Living At St. Augustine

Risk Assessments In general, floodplains is a major risk factor to many residents living in St. Augustine. In their undeveloped state, floodplains play an important role in flooding. Natural floodplains reduce wind and wave impacts and their vegetation stabilizes soils (â€Å"Flood hazard†, n.d.). Floodplains can be recharged in areas of groundwater and reduce the frequency and duration of low flows of surface water (â€Å"Flood hazard†, n.d.). Some local natural floodplains in St. Augustine and St. Johns County are the Guana River State Park and Anastasia State Park. According to the demographic profile of St. Augustine, many of the residents live near those floodplain areas (â€Å"Flood hazard†, n.d.). Documents of previous floods show that St.†¦show more content†¦The effects and risks of flooding is a daily reality in much of St. Augustine. According to the demographic profile, there are over 13,000 people living in St. Augustine, with drinking water wells that are fouled by seawater (Simpson, 2015). In theory, one could conclude that many residents know that a flood is very likely in to strike in their area (Simpson, 2015). With flood warnings in St. Augustine making local newspaper as of lately, one could safely conclude that the community is somewhat trying to make an effort towards awareness to the whole community both local and state. Indicators of the Community Addressing the Issue With seawater wells this could cause a problem if a flood was to occur. Making it even harder to access water due to it being easily contaminated (Simpson, 2015). Communities like St. Augustine can do only so much alone, being only a small community compared to others (â€Å"Sea rise†, 2015). If the city was to build a seawall, it could possible divert water to a neighbor city which would only further the problem (â€Å"Sea rise†, 2015). Cities in Florida also lack the technology, money and manpower to keep back the seas by themselves (â€Å"Sea rise†, 2015). Despite warnings from water experts and climate scientists about risks to cities and drinking water, skepticism over sea-level projections and climate-change science has hampered planning efforts at all levels of

Regulators Environmental Protection Groups â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Regulators Environmental Protection Groups? Answer: Introduction The current explain the sustainability report of Coles Limited (Coles.com.au 2017). In this given assignment, appropriate prominence has been given on understanding the present state of sustainability for the largest Australian retailer company named as Coles Limited. Coles Limited focuses mainly on serving customers, suppliers, community and environment as a whole. At Coles Limited, their main responsibility is to affect every aspect of business and encourages being a little better on everyday basis (Coles.com.au 2017). Coles Limited is proud to lend a helping hand to the many business organization where the team members and clientele are involved in and across Australia. The current segment explains the issues that are faced by Coles Limited and linked with practices so that the company can reduce or minimize the issue in the upcoming financial year (Williams 2014). Sustainability reporting of Coles Limited Sustainability report is a report that is prepared by an organization that give detailed information about economic, environmental, social and governance performance. Corporate Social Responsibility can be termed as initiatives taken by Business Corporation for accessing and taking responsibility for the company effects on social and environmental wellbeing. The term CSR applies to efforts that go beyond what may be acquired by regulators or environmental protection groups. As rightly put forward by Smith (2017), Coles Limited has been committed for formation of worth for its shareholders, communities, employees for more than a century from now (Coles.com.au 2017). It is only possible to create long-term value with the shareholders, if the company engages in playing a positive role in the community as a whole. At Coles Limited, sustainability is all about understanding as well as managing the impact that has on community and the environment to ensure how the company engages in creating value in the near future. The sustainability reporting of Coles Limited help in gaining proper understanding on how much effort is required for the company to deal or act in a ethical or responsible way. Current state of sustainability reporting According to Reisch, Eberle and Lorek (2013), Coles Limited provides fresh food, general merchandise, financial services, groceries as well as fuel and liquor to more than 21 million consumers on an average every week through its store system and online channels. Coles Limited have more than 1,02,000 team members and operates nationwide store network of 787 supermarkets, 89 hotels, 865 liquor stores as well as 690 fuel and convenience outlets. There are several material issues that are faced by Coles Limited and these are listed below with proper justification: Australian sourcing- One of the material issue faced by Coles Limited is Australian sourcing. In order to check over the problem, Coles Limited signed the Food and Grocery Code as well as issued a new code compliant terms and conditions that relates to supply agreements to all Coles suppliers (Lodhia and Hess 2014). Community partnerships and support - One of the material issues faced by Coles Limited is community partnerships and support. In order to minimize the problem, Coles Limited supports national as well as local charities along with fundraising activity, disaster relief and food donations (Henderson et al. 2015). Product quality and safety- One of the material issues faced by Coles Limited is product quality and safety (Coles.com.au 2017). In order to minimize the problem, Coles Limited started delivering quality as well as affordable products to the customers and improving brand range of brand. Coles Limited takes the responsible services of alcohol very seriously and participates in industry-wide initiatives that are designed for producing better health outcomes for the customers (Coles.com.au 2017). Climate change- Coles Limited believes that the world is changing at a faster pace. Climate change is present that include increased weather volatility, frequent weather events as well as higher average temperatures and drier climates that have the potential to impact the operations and supply chains (Coles.com.au 2017). The changes here had already affected people all around the world and continue to have serious implications for the customers, community as well as economy. On analysis, it is found that there are various risks that are controlled or managed by Coles Limited as investing in Australias response to climate change will deliver significant economic, social as well as environmental benefits to the community as a whole (Griffith, Hammersley and Kadous 2015). Increased carbon footprint- The issue that is faced by Coles Limited is increased carbon footprint (Coles.com.au 2017). To that, Coles Limited is working or rather been committed to minimize carbon footprint to deliver solutions that will help customers and the community as a whole. Coles Limited is constantly working hard to improve the level of performance as well as publicly report on the progress as mentioned in the sustainability report of the company (Edmonds et al. 2016). Practices According to Beattie (2014), Coles Limited is constantly exploring as well as investing in significant environmental projects and partnerships for reducing environmental impact (Coles.com.au 2017). Coles Limited is committed to offer customers on daily basis by providing quality fresh products and better shopping experience. Coles Limited aims at building stronger, deeper relationships with suppliers through reasonable transactions as well as continuing agreement. In addition, Coles Limited believes in increasing the level of transparency of the supply chain arrangement. Furthermore, Coles Limited works with business and administration for improving contract labor practices for fresh products in Australia. The company drives responsibly as well as ethically sourced products for the brand. Coles Limited promotes mental health with the team members (Beattie 2014). Coles Limited launched Mind your health programs by taking into consideration three pillars of approach that include alertn ess, management and risk reduction (Coles.com.au 2017). Here, mental health is the main key pillar of Coles Limited safety approach as well as invested in online heath assessments. Coles Limited believes in diverting more waste from landfill as well as expanding use of ecological covering and maximizing store recycling agenda. Coles Limited opened stores and operates for making a step change improvement in safety performance in the most appropriate way. Coles Limited mainly focus on increasing number of women leadership position in and across business. In addition, the agenda is mainly supported by a central plan as well as complementary tailored plan to each of the function in the business. Coles Limited believes in taking a holistic system to Indigenous service as well as have partnered with Excellence program that supports young indigenous Australia for getting access to learning (Drury 2013). Implications for various stakeholders in relation to financial decision-making As rightly put forward by DesJardins and McCall (2014) Coles Limited is dedicated towards reducing the impact on the surroundings as well as continuously investing in significant environmental projects and partnerships for attainment of future goals and objectives. Coles Limited is dedicated towards sustaining suppliers where they grow their trade and continues to convey safe products for the clientele. Team members of Coles Limited are passionate about making a difference. The company involves in supporting charity partners as well as reducing the environmental impact as a whole. The main focus of Coles Limited is to continue work towards attainment of sustainable future at the time of supporting Aussie farmers as well as local community (Coles.com.au 2017). Coles Limited conducts training and development programs for their team members that they had achieved within the passage of years (Coles.com.au 2017). More than 780 internal appointments are made from the retail leaders as well as retail operations graduate programs. In case of stakeholder engagement, Coles Limited believes in maintaining trust of the customers in offering best quality of products in terms of value. Coles Limited announced launch of Coles Quality Academy for providing Coles brand suppliers with significant superiority organization training as well as providing targeted training to the team members (Deegan 2013). Safety at workplace is not yet achieved by Coles Limited (Coles.com.au 2017). Coles Limited should maintain workplace safety of their members so that employees feel safe while working in the business organization. Coles Limited faced issues because of increase in manual handling injuries in supermarkets as well as bringing computation method into line with other divisions of Wesfarmers Limited (Chen and Schipper 2016). Conclusion It is recommended that Coles Limited should reduce the current issue and find strategies to move towards dealing their operations in a sustainable way. It is suggested that Coles Limited delivers training programs for improving level of safety leadership as well as promoting safety awareness. At the end of the study, it is concluded that Coles Limited introduced two new energy data coverage systems for keeping a track of energy usage as well as energy competence projects. Coles Limited starts working with Green Building Council of Australia for finalizing a Greenstar rating tool for future freehold supermarket developments. Coles Limited engages in energy-saving initiatives as they have opened 620 stores and installed on refrigeration cases for reducing nigh-time energy use. Coles Limited operates in more than 520 stores as well as automatic lighting controls for reducing energy use outside trading period. In addition, Coles Limited engages in operating 420 stores and has access to a nti-condensate heater controls that reduces energy use of the heaters in the doors. The study properly explains the current state of sustainability report of Coles Limited and finds ways so that they can deal their operations in the most ethical way. Reference List Beattie, V., 2014. Accounting narratives and the narrative turn in accounting research: Issues, theory, methodology, methods and a research framework.The British Accounting Review,46(2), pp.111-134. Chen, Q. and Schipper, K., 2016. Comments and observations regarding the relation between theory and empirical research in contemporary accounting research.Foundations and Trends in Accounting,10(2-4), pp.314-360. Coles.com.au. 2017.Coles Supermarkets. [online] Available at: https://www.coles.com.au [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017]. Deegan, C., 2013.Financial accounting theory. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. DesJardins, J.R. and McCall, J.J., 2014.Contemporary issues in business ethics. Cengage Learning. Drury, C.M., 2013.Management and cost accounting. Springer. Edmonds, T.P., Edmonds, C.D., Tsay, B.Y. and Olds, P.R., 2016.Fundamental managerial accounting concepts. McGraw-Hill Education. Griffith, E.E., Hammersley, J.S. and Kadous, K., 2015. Audits of complex estimates as verification of management numbers: How institutional pressures shape practice.Contemporary Accounting Research,32(3), pp.833-863. Henderson, S., Peirson, G., Herbohn, K. and Howieson, B., 2015.Issues in financial accounting. Pearson Higher Education AU. Lodhia, S. and Hess, N., 2014. Sustainability accounting and reporting in the mining industry: current literature and directions for future research.Journal of cleaner production,84, pp.43-50. Reisch, L., Eberle, U. and Lorek, S., 2013. Sustainable food consumption: an overview of contemporary issues and policies.Sustainability: Science, Practice, Policy,9(2). Smith, M., 2017.Research methods in accounting. Sage. Williams, J., 2014.Financial accounting. McGraw-Hill Higher Education.

Neoliberal Approach to Assessing Sustainability

All policy decisions depend on approaches of various policy actors based on their fundamental principles. Fundamental principles that influence policy decisions differ across policy domains. Also, their influences could be strong or weak while their considerations may be explicit or implicit. At the same time, some considerations could be unclear, unstated, obvious and/or stated.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Neoliberal Approach to Assessing Sustainability specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In some policies, policy principles could be stated in their generic form to be used in an explicit manner (Dovers 2005). As a result, existing policies have fundamental drawbacks and open to criticism. This essay offers a critical analysis of the neoliberal approach to assessing sustainability. Neoliberal approach aims to foster sustainable economic growth, favours the profit motive and high growth rates (Davidson 20 11). The approach also values humans as vital species. According to neoliberalism, market-based economies will offer enough environmental protection, as well as optimal societal outcomes. This approach does not consider the role of the state, communities or individuals as vital. Instead, neoliberal approach places the ultimate faith in free markets and believes that the outcomes will ‘trickle down’ to address challenges. In this regard, one may argue that neoliberal approach promotes competition, non-restriction and a model for economic growth. In addition, any public, societal, or individual roles are inefficient, but competition remains the cornerstone of growth. Hence, one must strive to survive and nature will balance itself (Gunay Gulersoy 2010). There are underlying issues with the neoliberal ideology on sustainability. A study by Davidson, Kellett, Wilson, and Pullen (2012) noted that many actors that strived to differentiate indicators of urban sustainability o ften drew from the neoliberal, silo ideology to conceptualise sustainability. In this case, these models present sustainability as possessing economic, social and environmental dimensions (Davidson et al. 2012). The neoliberal approach, however, has been criticised for its â€Å"inability to account for challenges to sustainability arising from interactions among social, economic and environmental variables† (Davidson et al. 2012, p. 57).Advertising Looking for research paper on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this regard, any sustainability model that cannot evaluate dimensional interactions and their collective impacts are also regarded as ineffective in offering critiques that address well-established structural issues associated with sustainability. The fundamental issue with the neoliberal approach is that, to a greater extent, it supports the substitution of capital resources. In this sense, it is assumed that capital and technological advancements will provide solutions to natural environment limitations. As a result, Neumayer claims that this is a weak version of sustainability because it promotes private interests and principles of free markets rather than the role of the state in social, economic and environmental dimensions (Neumayer 2003). On the other hand, radical ideologists have argued that the state has a fundamental role in protecting society and environments from uncontrolled business and technology activities, which could interfere with forces of the market. Neoliberal ideologists believe that all forms of capital can be substituted and technology developments will provide solutions to resource constraints. In other words, if a resource runs out, then other sources will be found to replace the existing one. In this regard, the degradation of natural forests does not matter because â€Å"new forest plantations can be created to provide the essential raw m aterials† (Davidson 2011, p. 4). Hence, there is no need to limit growth because â€Å"human and technological progress can overcome such challenges† (Davidson 2011, p. 4). Conversely, opponents present strong sustainability that seeks to restrict growth because they believe that both current and future generations will not be sufficiently compensated for depletion of natural resources occasioned by uncontrolled, increased utilisation. At the same time, they dismiss the claims that technologies will offer solutions to resource constraints. Many scholars like Springett and Foster and Beckerman have argued that the neoliberal approach does not promote sustainability further than its current strategy, which propagates maximisation of economic welfare in society (as cited in Davidson 2011, p. 3). In this regard, one may argue that neoliberal actors are working within the sphere of resource exploitation and optimism because of too much emphasis on resource utilisation, alloc ation and use of financial resources to promote quality.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Neoliberal Approach to Assessing Sustainability specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Within this point of view, the environment, society and state are subsystems within an economic sphere. In other words, these actors favour economic growth as the only element that can offer a stronger foundation to its subsystems. Neoliberal policies could have detrimental outcomes to sustainability as they aims to distribute all resources that result from competition (Gunay Gulersoy 2010). The political economy of sustainability may posit that the approach could rediscover society through economic growth, high production, competition, innovation, and flexibility, among others. According to Gunay and Gulersoy (2010), urbanisation from the neoliberal point of view is then â€Å"all the economic development-led national state politics that supports privatization and free-market; and in which the role of state is restricted for governmental and economical efficiency in the frame of place competition† (p. 1). This trend, therefore, could eliminate cultural heritage or turn cultural property with public values to new values and promote personal interests and offers different interpretation to cultural values. Today, sustainability and urban conservation have become political weapons. While sustainability should protect cultural heritage and historical sites by promoting their social and economic values, within the framework of the neoliberal approach, policymakers have disregarded social importance of such cultural heritage and turned them into tools of promoting personal, political and economic interests. One major weakness of the neoliberal approach is that it disregards the role of other stakeholders such as state, communities and individuals in sustainability. Contrary to this belief, Kinzig found out that policymakers should use laws and regulations to change individuals’ behaviours to promote environmental conservation efforts such as recycling and energy efficiency by focusing on social values and the associated behaviours (Kinzig, 2013).Advertising Looking for research paper on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The researcher notes that pro-environmental behaviours such as conservation and recycling could result into pro-environmental values (Kinzig, 2013). In other words, public policies, laws and regulations should aim to promote individuals’ behaviours that reinforce environmental conservation and lessen negative environmental impacts. The failure to account for the roles of all stakeholders in the neoliberal approach shows its major weakness. According to Armana and Davidson (2014), the role and significance of population to sustainability discussions remains vague and unclear. Population has not formed a major component of sustainability issue. In addition, scholars have ignored complexities that exist between population and sustainability despite the fundamental roles population plays in promoting sustainability and a just society. The neoliberal approach has not promoted the role of population in enhancing sustainability. As a result, it could be challenging to understand how this school of thought provides an account that captures the role of population in sustainability. Given this discrepancy, it could be difficult to make sense of the discourse about the neoliberal approach and the role of population. As noted earlier, Davidson et al. (2012) identified economic, social and environmental dimensions within typology drawn from the neoliberal ideology. In this regard, the neoliberal approach, however, has been criticised for its â€Å"inability to account for challenges to sustainability arising from interactions among social, economic and environmental variables† (Davidson et al. 2012, p. 57). The major challenge that the approach faces is the complexity of these factors and decision-making processes for a built, sustainable environment. Although the neoliberal approach is popular among contemporary policymakers, the approach is unable to offer sustainable solutions as the natural environment experiences pressure from population explosion, clima te change and inefficiency in resource consumption. It is, therefore, imperative to provide a robust approach that can inform and facilitate decision-making processes for a sustainable future. According to Irwin (2007), â€Å"the state, the market and labour relations have been completely overestimated as a mode of operating unchangeable stasis by the Neopragmatists† (p. 643). Neoliberal proponents have shown greater efforts to use the market to manage all forms of interactions and communication that involve individuals, institutions and the natural environment, among others. These theorists, however, have failed to recognise the changing circumstances with regard to application of the neoliberal approach. The neoliberal approach has a wider focus that has resulted into several, overwhelming impacts. While scholars have addressed several complicating factors with regard to the limit of categorical truth and issues of cause and effect, the conventional interpretations should b e discarded because they can no longer support the emerging trends associated with consumerism propagated by the neoliberal ideology. According to Irwin, it is essential to understand the prevailing situations well and one should not remain confined to the neoliberal ideology because â€Å"is not only unnecessary, it is short-sighted and detrimental to both the environment and humanity† (Irwin 2007, p. 643). Centner (2009) noted the failure of the neoliberal approach in Buenos Aires, Argentina. It was an attempt to conceptualise and implement a programme that focused on sustainable development by accounting for â€Å"a justice imperative, which encompassed environmental, sociopolitical, and economic concerns† (Centner 2009, p. 173). This attempt to adopt the Urban Environmental Plan faced several issues because of the challenges of prioritising many conflicting goals. According to Irwin, the issue of focus on planning entailed three fundamental neoliberal words noted i n sustainable development, namely â€Å"sustainability, participation, and competitiveness† (Centner 2009, p. 173). These key terms have led to prioritisation of incompatible material-symbolic landscapes. In short, Centner (2009) shows that the neoliberal approach has failed to achieve its intended goal because of competing interests. In such cases, Davidson recognises the need for tradeoffs among the three dimensions of sustainability (economic, social and environmental) (Davidson 2011). The failure of the plan could reflect the poor relationship between political actors and economy because both factors have critical role to play in outcomes of sustainability efforts. In the case of Argentina, the policy actor had a single school of thought on sustainability, but they were unable to manage competing goals of sustainability dimensions. These dimensions were different based on political actors’ perspectives. What are the alternative approaches to the neoliberal model? S tudies show that the neoliberal approach is popular with many urban sustainability plans. However, the neoliberal approach has critical issues and weaknesses that have poorly affected its practicality and applicability. On this note, Davidson et al. (2012) proposed a social democratic approach as an alternative to neoliberal ideology. The authors argue that it would shift categorisation from a neoliberal approach to a social democratic one by suggesting a plan for evaluating urban development â€Å"relational to themes of amenity, accessibility, equity and environmental performance relative to resource conservation† (Davidson et al., 2012, p. 57). The proposed model would be sensitive by accounting for all sustainability elements (social, economic and environmental) with regard to land use planning to sustain both the built and natural environments. Davidson (2011) notes that a social democratic model focuses on developing stronger global institutions and conservation efforts and effective state and local abilities to redistribute resources and manage constraints from the global political economy. Social democrats express deeper concerns regarding the environment, increasing inequalities and population explosion than liberals. While a social democratic model promotes free-market economic approaches, it uses specific terms, such as ‘development’ rather than ‘growth’ alongside quality development instead of quantity. A social democratic approach facilitates the protection of adequate physical resources for sustainable use. In this sense, it could be effective than the neoliberal approach that does not promote sustainable use of natural resources. Today, there are ongoing calls for ‘environmental justice’. However, like other categorised approaches, the environmental justice remains vaguely and loosely defined, particularly within the sphere of social movement demands. According to Schlosberg (2004), many have attribu ted environmental justice to the issue of â€Å"equity, or the distribution of environmental ills and benefits† (p. 517). Schlosberg notes that restricting environment justice to equity leads to incomplete definition because many stakeholders such as activists, NGOs and communities have advocated for much than equitable distribution of ills and benefits. The author strives to point out the inadequacy of a recent model that should promote sustainability. A political economy typology of sustainability is an important tool that guides policymakers and their ideologies when formulating sustainability policies. In reality, models such as neoliberal, environmental justice or social-democratic show how political actors argue over effective solutions to promote environmental, social and economic elements of sustainability. This critical analysis of the neoliberal approach shows its issues and weaknesses. It shows that the model may fail because of poor definitions of key terms, compe ting interests and failure to achieve tradeoffs. As a result, these models lack strong foundations for promoting environmental sustainability. They also show that policy actors may fail to understand the prevailing situations because of rigid ideological paradigms that structure and layer their arguments. A structured approach to a political economy typology could be an effective means of evaluating sustainability and potential solutions because it allows scholars to categorise various ideologies. Hence, sustainability scholars can focus on effective sustainability approaches (Davidson, 2011). The model can aid in categorising diverse opinions and discourses and differentiate various views based on the actor’s approach to economy, society and the environment. A structured approach can ensure that stakeholders understand diverse views. In this regard, there would be broader views of all different approaches, which could allow scholars to evaluate merits of these diverse models . Reference List Armana, M. Davidson, K. 2014, ‘A typology to position population within sustainability discourse’, Local Environment: The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 433-448. doi: 10.1080/13549839.2013.790351. Centner, R. 2009, ‘Conflictive sustainability landscapes: the neoliberal quagmire of urban environmental planning in Buenos Aires’, Local Environment: The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 173-192. DOI: 10.1080/13549830802522079. Davidson, K. 2011, ‘A Typology to Categorize the Ideologies of Actors in the Sustainable Development Debate’, Sustainable Development, vol. 22, no. 1pp. 1-14. DOI: 10.1002/sd.520. Davidson, K., Kellett, J., Wilson, L. Pullen, S. 2012, ‘Assessing urban sustainability from a social democratic perspective: a thematic approach’, Local Environment: The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 57-73. DOI: 10.1080/13549839.2011.631990. Dovers, S. 2005, Environment and Sustainability Policy: Creation, Implementation and Evaluation, Federation Press, Australia. Gunay, Z. Gulersoy, N. 2010, Sustainability of Historic Environment in the Neoli.  Web. Irwin, R. 2007, ‘The neoliberal state, Environmental Pragmatism, and its discontents’, Environmental Politics, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 643-658. doi: 10.1080/09644010701419154. Kinzig, A. 2013, ‘Social Norms, Behavior Influence Environmental Policy‘, BioScience Magazine. Web. Neumayer, E. 2003, Weak versus Strong Sustainability, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham. Schlosberg, D. 2004, ‘Reconceiving Environmental Justice: Global Movements And Political Theories’, Environmental Politics, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 517-540. DOI: 10.1080/0964401042000229025 This research paper on Neoliberal Approach to Assessing Sustainability was written and submitted by user Brooklynn K. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Challenges for Management in 21st Century

Table of Contents Introduction Purpose of the Study Collection and Analysis of Data Findings Interpretation of Data Conclusion Works Cited Introduction The concept of management has been evolving for almost a century and is based on a complex mixture of assumptions and paradigms that were formed as reactions to the emerged challenges.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Challenges for Management in 21st Century specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the 21st century, management issues have become more urgent because of a profound transition of business and world economy. In this respect, to define problems and obstacles to management development, specific emphasis should be placed on the analysis of shifts in the world economy, as well as on changes occurred to the practice of management. To analyze these dimensions, it is important to define new realities and conditions under which business issues are formed (Druc ker 2). Specific attention should also be given to evaluation of current policies and strategies that company and organizations adopt to deal with these challenges. The transition in management and leadership skills correlate with such aspects as competition, leadership styles, teamwork, and diversity that have a potent impact on social, economic, and democratic realities. However, these issues do not derive from political tensions. On the contrary, although they deal with politics, their underpinnings are more associated with free market, as well as how it affects the emerging economies (Drucker 3). The origin of management issues is debated and developed, but their resolutions take place predominantly within business organization through analysis of individual knowledge. In its turn, received experience has a direct influence on human resources that continue change management paradigms. So far, management dealt with theory and practice that identity right ways of managing, as well as right approaches to controlling employment.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Practical issues were connected with technical insurance, internal development, legacy, and ecology of management and enterprise (Drucker 3). Currently, these assumptions have become absolute in front of the challenges introduced in the new century. Purpose of the Study With regard to the conceptual framework of management, the purpose of the report is to define new realities and dimensions in which issues are debated, discussed, and resolved. The second purpose lies in defining what strategies, models, and approaches should be implemented to face management challenges in the 21st century. Collection and Analysis of Data While collecting information, online databases and libraries have been used to find necessary materials related to the topic under analysis. Specific attention has been paid to the recent researchers and articles dedicated to the contemporary problems of management. Most of the resources found (Raskin 25, Drucker 3, Wilmot and Paish 384) discuss the challenge of the globalization that poses serious problems for development. Some researchers are dedicated to the analysis of human resources management as the main underpinning of successful performance within an organization, should it be for profit or not. In addition, the data collection has also involved consideration of practical and theoretical implications for management, as well as how these implications and recommendations help alleviate management challenges in the 21st century. All these approaches will allow for quantitative statistics of qualitative information and will provide a better picture of new management paradigms. In other words, the collected data will shed light on the frequency of the discussed topics, as well as on the contexts within which these topics are discussed.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Challenges for Management in 21st Century specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Findings To define the new realities and paradigms of the new century, reference to the past should be made. The previous century has left rich ancestry of challenges and conditions under which management issues had been shaping. In this respect, Raskin focuses on such issues as management and market distribution, outcomes of automation, job flexibility, and consideration of the role of government in private and public sector formation, as well as recruitment policies (25-30). To begin with, the author argues, â€Å"the magnitude of the nation’s problems will cause us to seek democratic solutions based on the reestablishment of a foundation of trust in the adaptability of our institutions and the integrity of our leaders† (Raskin 27). Therefore, high performance of business organization cannot be reached unt il it focuses on the principles of effectiveness and virtue. In addition to redistribution of resource, Raskin places an emphasis on the effects of automation leading to obsolescence of equipment and resistance of human resource managers to restructure organizations (28). Adding flexibility, therefore, should be the main principle prevailing the 21st century. However, job opportunities were too narrow to stand the political pressure in the post-war are because the central role in managing resources was held by the government. Finally, the previous century gave rise to the development of effective social schemes that could improve the retention culture and introduce the optimal pension age for the employees. Today, the world is more focused on establishing beneficial opportunities for younger generation. To ground to the above-presented discussion, Drucker refers to the identification of management with business issues (5). Such a definition is largely explained by the times of Great Depression when business and business executives were not encourage by the government.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Instead, public management sector was confined to public administration as a separate branch of power. Specialized, narrow-focused vision of management, however, became an obstacle in understanding management issues, as well as obstacle that the government might face while planning the country’s economy. Failure to distinguish between two different disciplines – school of management and business school – has led to serious challenges, despite the emergence of management structures and hierarchies in non-profit establishments in such spheres as education, legislature, and divinity schools. Although, today’s business activities are more focused on overcoming and adjusting to change, which is possible through integration of risk management schemes. What is more important is that similar models should be practiced by the government so as to face challenges in a timely manner. The ability of the government to handle risks and contingencies will have a potent i mpact on the future of development of various organizations. Governmental approach to managing resources and people can set a mode of introducing new paradigms to both profit and non-profit organizations. In this respect, Wilmot and Paish argue, â€Å"risk can be considered as a function of change and risk management may thus be described as a technique for coping with the effects of change† (384). The necessity to consider risk management as the basic of management strategies is identified by an intensive competition on the global arena. Moreover, new solutions can be introduced due to the rapid development of communication networks and information technologies. In addition, risk management provides a greater opportunity for the government to succeed in developing cost-effectiveness of the public policies that could foresee and prevent future crises. As it has been mentioned before, the government should implement risk management modes to regulate cost-effectiveness. More im portantly, the new century’s establishments have invented new frameworks that advance strategic cost management as well. In this respect, Kumar and Kumar insist on the necessity to introduce effective strategic cost management which lies in effective control of quality management, employee management, business process reengineering, and continuous improvement (118). In addition, researchers state, â€Å"cost management is fare more concerned with management’s use of cost information for decision-making† (Kumar and Kumar 119). Therefore, it should not be confused with cost accounting. Management should not be limited by business terms only and, therefore, there is a false assumption that management must be identified with business management, which prevents the organization from practicing the approaches and models to guiding, monitoring, and sustaining effective business strategies. As a result, Drucker argues that non-business organizations, along with public i nstitutions, borrow similar managerial structures to develop leadership skills and introduce efficient distribution of responsibilities among the employees, or members of a community. Previous outlooks on organizations rely on static and hierarchical systems of development. Within a context of complex global transition, this type of management is not acceptable. According to Crossan and Fernando recognize the necessity to integrate cross-enterprise leadership because it define the idea that â€Å"†¦managers operate in a complex world in which the boundaries are fluid and dynamic, cutting across functional designations, departments, business units, companies, geographies and cultures† (1). This new type of management is more congruent with the realities of the new millennium because it identifies wider boundaries of action, as well as reopens the previously existing limits. The term cross-enterprise leadership closely relates to interaction between organizations that goes beyond the static-oriented one because enterprises create a new action-oriented value. The new value, therefore, discovers new fields and spheres of influence in terms of leadership, competition, and human resources management. So far, educational approach to learning management was confined to accumulating knowledge and experience that could be applied to solve problems. Today, the acquired knowledge is efficiently used in action schemes whose primary function is transform organizations with regard to the external conditions. In this respect, Crossan and Fernando justify the ideas represented in Drucker’s research. They agree that any organization, should it be profitable or not, must work on encouraging value-creating activities. These strategies contribute greatly to dealing effectively with real-to-life, dynamic situations. Despite the type of organization, human capital stands at the core of successful management. With regard to existing global context, diversity comes to the forth because it identifies new trends in constructing management issues in the 21st century. Hence, Egerovà ¡ emphasizes, â€Å"this phenomenon has always existed in the human society, be it age, gender, race, ethnicity, mental and physical abilities, sex orientation or any other qualities† (5), Therefore, managers should realize that their organization could fail to sustain a competitive advantage unless they take into consideration the diversity issues, which is also important of economic success. The researcher also notes that the organization that strives to be successful should â€Å"†¦develop heterogeneous teams in which employees are represented regardless of their personality differences and with respect to the rules concerning equal employment opportunities† (Egerovà ¡ 6). Therefore, a shift to a person-oriented management within an organization can improve significantly business activities and create new values. Drucker’s withdrawal of b usiness management concept applied to the management it broader context is also supported by the assumption that management can also be connected with non-profit issues, such as knowledge management. In this respect, Gunasekaran and Ngai underline the importance of information technology in managing various issues (2392). The technological shift predetermined by globalization provides another reason for integrating effective knowledge management schemes. Interpretation of Data In-depth analysis of collected data and findings reveals a number of interesting and important conclusions and implications. To begin with, management should be regarded as a discipline and practice that surpasses the previously existed theoretical and empirical boundaries. This is of particular concern to considering management as a part of business activities. A narrow-focused, one-dimensional vision prevents from understanding the challenges and realities in which management issues prevail. The course taken on new paradigms in management should enlarge a vision of how challenges and constraints could be alleviated. Further, management issues should be considered and discussed to build a strong and consistent network through which conceptual frameworks of various organizations could be formed. In other words, organizations should not be limited to a single rule of administrating and distributing resources within the employed environment. Rather, they should be more concerned with the strategies that would permit manager to face and adjust to challenges emerging in the new century. A set of new assumption in management based on cooperation, cross-organizational leadership, cultural diversity, and competition will provide a new set of conditions under which an organization can enhance its performance. All these aspects are valid with regard to the rapid globalization process that triggers technological advancement and creation of new communication channels. As a result, the role of econo my and government is enormous provided management strategies and approaches deal with political issues. Finally, management challenges in the 21st century are closely connected with human resource management. Human factor plays an important role in defining the patterns, ideologies, and strategic directions of both profit and non-profit organizations and, therefore, it is important for these establishments to work out efficient social and bonus mechanism for employees. Conclusion The analysis of management challenges in the 21st century has revealed significant changes in considering pattern, approaches, and modes by means of which various organization control business and non-business activities. It has also been defined that management should not be concerned with business activities only because its strategies can be applied to other spheres including education, public administration, and church establishments. Numerous research studies and theoretical analysis have provided a re alistic vision of evident shifts in the world economy, as well as changes to the practice of management. Much attention has been given to the globalization process that triggered culturally diverse environments and presented a new image of how an organization should be managed. Works Cited Crossan, Mary and Olivera Fernando. â€Å"Cross-Enterprise Leadership: A New Approach for the 21St Century.† Ivey Business Journal 70.5 (2006): 1-7. Print. Drucker, P. F. (2007). Management Challenges for the 21st Century. New York: Routledge. Print. Egerovà ¡, Dana. â€Å"Diversity Management as a Crucial Issue of Management in 21st Century.† Problems of Management in the 21St Century 3 (2012): 5-7. Print. Gunasekaran, A., and E. W. T. Ngai. â€Å"Knowledge Management In 21St Century Manufacturing.† International Journal of Production Research 45.11 (2007): 2391-2418. Print. Kumar, Ashvine, and Shafabi Kumar. â€Å"Strategic Cost Management — Suggested Framework for 21St Century.† Journal Of Business Retail Management Research 5.2 (2011): 118-130. Print. Raskin, A.H. â€Å"Management Challenges In the 21St Century.† Advanced Management Journal (03621863) 44.4 (1979): 25-32. Print. Wilmot, Tom, and Tony Paish. â€Å"Need For Risk Management By Governments: A Challenge For The 21St Century.† Geneva Papers On Risk Insurance – Issues Practice 24.3 (1999): 383. Print. This report on Challenges for Management in 21st Century was written and submitted by user BartRozum to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How To Work With Designers To Collaborate Even Better

How To Work With Designers To Collaborate Even Better Writers, editors, managers, and developers. That’s all you need for a great content marketing team right? Let’s not forget about that one other role†¦.you know, the role that no one really knows how to handle? The one mystical role that speaks their own language and talks too much about color. Yeah, that one, the designers. While they  might dress out of the norm, or talk about things you might care less about, its still important to learn how to work with designers  since they can be a very valuable member of the team. As a designer, myself, I love working with non-designers because I can bring my perspective to the problem at hand. But, in order to do that, there are a few things that need to happen. Here is my best advice on how to work with designers to communicate better than ever, collaborate more efficiently, and publish awesome content. How To Work With Designers With Authentic Advice From s Designer via @ashtonwirrengaBy the way, designers! That poster might be a fun one to hang at  your editor's desk! ;) 1. Communicate Early On The earlier, the better. Your  designer wants to know exactly which problem you’re trying to solve so they can lend their expertise to solving it. But without communication right away, they may end up solving a totally different problem, or not solving anything you'd really like them to work on at all. The best thing to do is to set up an initial discussion to cover these three points: What's the problem?  Focus on what the problem is rather than how you want the solution to look. Like any project, there are probably ten different solutions, but it's a matter of picking the one perfect for you. Designers are trained to think through each possibility and find the one that fits your need. Then, and only then, can you start discussing the physical appearance. What are your goals and expectations? Instead of talking about how you’d like the solution to look, talk about your goals and expectations instead. What would you like the solution to do for your customers? Maybe you’re trying to increase a certain metric. At , we have three specific goals (growing traffic, email subscribers, and our users), and so we focus each and every design on accomplishing them. What are the guidelines? While designers may dream all the way to the moon with possibilities, it's key to know what our guidelines and criteria are for the project. Is there a budget? What about a deadline? Who’s the project lead? Go over all of the details associated with the project itself so your designer delivers the chosen solution at the price and time you’d like. Remember, though, that while guidelines are completely necessary when it comes to the logistics, it's important to leave creative areas open for your  designer to explore. Help  your  designer challenge the status quo and create something better than you’ve ever seen before. At , we communicate writer to designer by using the comments section in each and every piece of content we publish- blog posts, ebooks, webinars, Twitter chats- which is a project management tool built right into . When we published a post with Sujan, who is a guest blogger, we used 's comment functionality to keep everything up to speed. This creates a space for the conversation to not only begin, but for it to stay as a reference point as we continue working on the blog.  We also manage guidelines and expectations by using tasks and a workflow right in so we always meet our deadlines. For the post you're reading right now, our content marketing team used to manage our workflow. We're 60% done with the post right now! All in all, communication is super important  in every team project, and this couldn’t be more true for working with a designer. We want to listen and take your ideas and turn them into a physical result that both accomplishes your goals and looks incredible. Help designers challenge the status quo to  create something better than you’ve ever seen. #design2. Tell Us Your Ideas Just because you may not be a designer, it doesn’t mean that you don’t have ideas†¦ so share them with us!  One of the biggest  misconceptions out there, especially between writers and designers, is the idea that designers hate getting examples of other projects that may inspire the one at hand. While designers surely do hate being asked to copy others' work, or hate getting constrained to "make it just like that", designers can highly benefit from seeing visual examples of what you’re looking for. As creative professionals who live in a world of visual communication, visuals are probably the best thing you can  show your designer to illustrate your ideas. After you’ve discussed the problem at hand, use  the communication designers know best by showing images of what you like and don’t like. This will help your  designer to understand your initial preferences and style right away. Working with designers?  Share  your ideas, then empower  their  creativity to come to life. #designOne way our writers do this at is by using Evernote Web Clipper. Any time they see an article, image, or moment of inspiration, they can use the Clipper and it automatically gets stored in our team Evernote folder which we can access through . Evernote's Web Clipper pulls inspiration your designer can see right in your editorial calendar. From there, I have full access to not only what they’re seeing, but also the notes or comments they have along with it. When working with designers, feel free to tell us your ideas. We want the design process to incorporate everyone’s ideas as that’s where creativity comes to life. 3. Understand What We Value If you’re a writer or editor, you probably care about SEO, grammar styles, and overall tone of voice. If you’re a marketer, you probably value metrics, goals, and how to better reach your audience. Both these roles are incredibly valuable, but it's important to note that designers have their own area of interest. Designers value the experience your user goes through when they  see your product. Sure, the text they read  or the amount of traffic the site gets is important, but overall, we value and care primarily about the user's experience. Designers value the experience your user goes through when they see  your product. #design Designers care about how the user feels and what they think. What will they remember about the experience? This means that while you may be data-driven, we’d rather the project be data-influenced. The numbers matter, but creative strategies can’t always be tracked. Understand what designers value, and you’ll better understand the way in which we think about the solution. A simple way to find out how the user is feeling, is by creating a survey. We’ve used Polldaddy to host multiple surveys and it's a way to get data around how our users experience and feel when using . I personally love statistics and numbers, so you may find that your designer does too, and can start the conversation there. You're data-driven. Designers are data-influenced. How To Work With Designers #design4. Care About The Details So now that you’ve had the initial conversation about what the problem is, you’ve presented your ideas, and know a little more about what your  designer values, it’s time to talk design. What I love most about design, is how it can directly impact the user’s experience in a way that influences the user to act. What the end goal is up to you, but every designer has a few different visual tools they use in order to accomplish this: Color, typography, hierarchy, imagery, etc. This is our bread and butter! We live and breathe color schemes, the differences between Helvetica and Ariel, and just how to order items on a page. These terms will definitely come up in conversation, so if you’d like a better understanding of a designer’s toolset, check this out. Although which colors are used and what typefaces are selected may seem like the part that makes the solution ‘pretty’, there’s actually a lot of psychology and decision making behind the scenes that can either make or break the overall design. Help your designer out by allowing them room to care about these things. Let them explore different styles so that they can deliver the best for your project. #Design isn't making things pretty. It's theory and psychology that creates lasting experiences.5. Trust Us If I’m being completely honest, there’s nothing worse than working with a client  who doesn’t trust my design decisions. First, in order to avoid this from happening, make sure the relationship is a good fit from the beginning, and then once it is, please trust your designer. Let your designer take risks, give them space to do their thing, and encourage their creative freedom. Trust your designer to take risks with  #creative freedom to bring life to your project.Designers are trained for and are passionate about what they do, so let them do it! If you’ve communicated what needs to be solved, then it's time for the designer to do their magic. Designers all have their difference preferences about how they work best, whether at a coffee shop, home, or in the office, but wherever it may be, give them space to think about the problem and discover all the ideas and possibilities. When it comes time for feedback, your designer will reopen the conversation, but for now, trust them to do what they do best. 6. Feedback Is Welcome The most valuable and scary part of going to art school is the critiques. They often take place one or two times during the design process, and then again at the end. The critique process is forever engrained in any designer’s memory, and thus when it comes to your project, they not only want feedback, but expect it. Here are four points to help guide your feedback for your designer: #Design isn’t like a vending machine where the snack immediately falls into your hands. It’s a  process. A design solution isn’t like a vending machine where you put in a quarter and the snack immediately falls into your hands. Design is a step-by-step process that takes time, thought, and skill. Understand that your designer may be needing feedback at stage one long before anything is finalized. At this stage, the design is far from perfect and might still need direction. Be honest, but nice. There’s really no value in feedback unless it's coming from an honest mind. However, please remember to be nice. Even if the design is completely opposite of what you expected, there’s a proper way to go about discussing why your designer made their decision, and how to go about fixing it. Listen.  Let your  designer explain their thought process before you jump in. What may seem completely awful at first glance might actually make sense after you hear the designer’s reasoning for that particular design decision. Listening to the designer shows them respect and gives time for stylistic preferences to be shed while design thinking comes to light. Tell us why.  In the review process, tell us why  you don’t like it or why it looks weird. Don’t just express personal preference. Design elements such as color, typefaces, and imagery often have preconceived experiences for each person, and so not only is it important to remember that we aren’t designing for yourself, but rather the user, it's also key to know why that preference exists. It may not apply to the design at hand. Feedback is incredibly important to the designer and a perfect checkpoint of communication between both parties while the design is still in process. This is a great time to review the problem, ideas, and goals that were initially stated, in order to see how the proposed design fits those criteria. Designers don't design for their editors, they #design for the user.7. Give Credit A thank you here and there never hurt anyone, and the same is applicable to working with your designer. Designers are often the mystical, misunderstood role on the team, so affirming their role not only encourages them, but increases their own confidence in their design process. When confidence is there, the possibilities are endless, making the solution even better. Encourage them, say thank you, and it’ll go a long way. So, Are You Ready To Work With A Designer? Working with designers ultimately comes down to being on the same page.  While you may speak a different language and care about different things, there are ways to communicate throughout the design process that will help  you both give your best to the final outcome. Encourage your designer, let them to do their thing, create a space for feedback, and then give them credit once it’s all said and done. Designers love working with non-designers! Let’s make something great together. Bonus: What NOT  To Say To A  Designer... This one is just for fun! But it's also a super helpful tool to help you communicate clearly and avoid misunderstandings: Can you make this pretty for me? Design is about function, not just appearance. Can you make this for my presentation later today? Effective design takes time, don’t force us to design poorly. Can you make it look like this? Designers have no interest in copying something. Plus, it's illegal. Can you photoshop it? Designer’s aren’t just another creative tool, we’re actually interested in solving the problem at hand. Can you make it pop? Making it pop means nothing to us. Explain WHY you don’t like it please. I’ll know it when I see it. Designers need a specific problem to solve. We aren’t mind readers.

Cost of Healthcare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Cost of Healthcare - Essay Example This increase in cost of healthcare is most likely to impact the public in a number of ways. It is of crucial significance to note that the increase in cost of healthcare is good to the economy for a number of reasons. The increasing cost of healthcare is important in strengthening the economy. It is likely to result in increase in taxes thereby creating more money thus strengthening the economy (Pear et al, 2014). However, it is prudent to acknowledge that the increase in cost of healthcare may negatively impact the consumers in a number of ways. This may involve the increasing costs of medical insurance to such consumers. In this regard, it is prudent to note that the healthcare costs should be reduced. This is because the high healthcare cost is most likely to raise the cost of medication and hospital. This can be attributed to increased costs of living to the people. Renter, E. (2014). Health Care Costs Expected to Rise in 2015: Are You Ready? Retrieved on 9th June 2015 from http://health.usnews.com/health-news/health- insurance/articles/2014/10/21/health-care-costs-expected-to-rise-in-2015-are-you-ready Pear, R., Abelson, R. & Armendariz, A. (2014). Cost of Coverage Under AffordableCare Act to Increase in 2015. Retrieved on 9th June 2015 from

Outsourcing Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Outsourcing - Term Paper Example focus more on core competences, allows organization to provide products and services to consumers on much cheaper rate, it allows best utilization of time and factors of production, and with activities it also transfers the risk attached to those activities. With advantages, outsourcing has some disadvantages as well, which includes Increase in unemployment in outsourcing country, it often eradicates direct communication between an organization and its clients which hinders organization to build strong relationship with employees, it rises the risk of losing control over operations, it makes the sensitive information vulnerable as chances of leakage of information increases with outsourcing, and it makes organizations largely dependent upon the outsourced partner (Bettis, Bradley, & Hamel, 1992). There are number reasons which explain why organizations outsource their functions and business processes, one of the basic and major reasons is that it saves money and allows organization to pool that money in more productive activity There are many things which companies consider while looking to outsource as the success of outsourcing such as, Companies’ capability to manage in mobile locations; Companies’ capacities to expand and to build outsource partnerships, and companies’ skills and abilities to what to produce and not to produce while being competitive in the market (Boudreaux, 2008). There are number of exogenous factors which also need to be considered by companies while looking for outsourcing, which are Political stability of a country where function or process is outsourced, Language skills of outsourced partner, Infrastructure stability of outsourced partner, and flexibility of intellectual property rights and business contracts in the country of outsourced partner. Companies should concern about handing over technology to other businesses as this practice is quite worrying for them who outsource functions or business processes in order to save

Phase 3 Discussion Board Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Phase 3 Discussion Board - Assignment Example The stakeholder management process is required in order to enhance the stakeholder communication plans. Expectations are constructed and established in a stakeholder management process in order to manage the communication process between several stakeholders in an organization. The stakeholder management process helps an organization to make an administrative decision, project coverage and financial support that is an effective part of the communication process. It helps to avoid the negative impact on the communication process. Effective stakeholder management process supports to gather effective information about the stakeholders’ views that helps to execute the communication process transparently and smoothly. Overall, the stakeholder management process helps to develop a positive image of the specific upcoming future projects for public, neighbors and other stakeholders. Answer 2 The leading organizations around the globe are trying to capitalize on the opportunities that have been developed due to the advanced technology and globalization. Electronic communication has become the most important medium for every large and small organization. It helps to research every necessary thing. Moreover, they can buy information from online and can sell or share the information thorough online. E-mail is the major contributor to the organizations for sharing of ideas. Every decisions of an organization generally shared through e-mail. The leading and large global organizations generally use e-mail to keep track of products, availability of products, stock, profit and loss. Very few individuals within an organization are not familiar with this specific process. Now-a-days, major of the employees within an organization have access to company e-mail. This process helps to develop a healthy workplace environment (Hill, 2009). Moreover, this process helps to bring space in the project communication process. The organization even recruits and select new employees buy and sell small products and business through the help of internet. Now-a-days, several organizations around the globe are tending to implement internet meetings, such as meeting through Skype has helped both the employees and employers to save their effective time. This process has helped the organizations to improve project management and communication process. Answer 3 Strategic information associated with project communication processes are shared through documents. Effective project management process needs almost 50 various types of documents for tracking, planning, communicating and reporting. Resource spreadsheets, feasibility studies, supplier contracts, change request forms, financial and project communication plans, implementation reviews, project status reports and several collaborative communication degrees are required ingredients in a successful project communication process that can be shared through the documents. Several important notice and reports are also need t o be shared through documents. Documents play an important role in the project communication process. The major aim of sharing information through document is effective planning, execution and closure of a project management and communication process (Berman, 2007). Appropriate utilization of documents can increase the effectiveness and transparency of a specific project communication process. The stakeholder management process

The availability of International Business opportunities in Uzbekistan

The availability of International Business opportunities in Uzbekistan International trade is exchange of goods, services and capital across the borders of different nations. No country in the world has all the natural resources present in sufficient quantity to sustain continuous development. So the countries trade with each other by exporting those goods or products which they have in abundance while importing those which they are deficient in. International trade tends to be generally more costlier than domestic as most countries imposes additional tariffs or duties on the goods travelling through their borders. International trade between two countries comprises both the trade between 2 companies present in different country and trade between the government of a country and the business firm present in other country. The main objective of this audit is to analyze the availability of International Business opportunities present in the Uzbekistan. The report starts with examining the countrys attitude to international trade. Then a brief analysis of the countrys Cultural, Political and Economic Environments is done. After that the countrys business environment is analysed using some of the proposed theories of international trade and also Porters diamond model of national competitiveness. Finally recommendations based on the above analysis are offered. An Overview of Uzbekistan Uzbekistan or Republic of Uzbekistan (Ozbekiston Respublikasi) is a country which is part of Central Asia having largest population within the region. Uzbekistan became an independent state on September 1, 1991, from former Soviet Union. Uzbekistan elected Islom Karimov as its president who continues his office till date. Uzbekistan is a land locked country surrounded by Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan and Turkmenistan. Uzbekistan Essential Facts: Government Republic; Authoritarian Presidential Rule Capital Tashkent Geographic Area 447,400 sq km Population 27,865,738 Literacy Rate 99.3% Labour Division Agriculture: 44%, Industry: 20%, Services: 36% Budget Revenue: 10.54 Billion, Expenditure: 10.48 Billion (2009 estimates) GDP (GDP Growth) $77.55 Billion (6.7%) GDP Per Capita $2,800 Inflation 14.1% Industries Textiles, Food Processing, Machine Building, Metallurgy, Gold, Petroleum, Natural Gas, Chemicals Source: CIA World Fact Book (https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/uz.html) Uzbekistan attitude to International Trade Uzbekistan joined United Nations in 1992 as fully fledged member and cooperates with 8 UN agencies including The World Bank which supports Uzbekistan in its national reform efforts (United Nations, n.d.). Currently Uzbekistan has foreign diplomatic relations with about 124 countries of the world (Ministry of Foreign Affairs Uzbekistan, n.d.). Uzbekistan has membership in numerous, more than 33, International Organizations including Asian Development Bank (ADB), Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), International Finance Corporation, International Monetary Fund, Islamic Development Bank, Shanghai Cooperation Organization and World Trade Organization (observer status) (Library of Congress, 2007). The main purpose of these organizations is to promote and facilitate international trade among various countries. Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries are the biggest trade partners of Uzbekistan. Russian secures first place as foreign trade partner of Uzbekistan. Other countries like Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Afghanistan etc. are also heavy trade partners. Uzbekistan has very active trade relations with European Union. Bilateral trade between Germany and Uzbekistan amounted to 470 million USD in 2008. France, UK and Spain are other major trade partners (Ministry of Foreign Affairs Uzbekistan, n.d.). Figure 1: Major Trade Partners of Uzbekistan (2009) Source: http://www.buyusainfo.net/docs/x_6613529.pdf Business Environment of Uzbekistan Culture of Uzbekistan Figure 2: Ethnic Group Composition Source: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/uz.html Figure 3: Major Religions Source: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/uz.html Figure 4: Spoken Languages Source: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/uz.html Uzbekistan since ancient time was the home of Arab Muslims and Turks. And then in Mid-Nineteenth century, Russia seeing the regions potential captured Uzbekistan. That is why there are traces of Russian language and ethnicity can be found in the country dominated by Uzbeks. Islam being the major religion (about 88%) the culture of country is bit conservative. For both Men and Women conservative business suits are expected, casual clothes like jeans, t-shirts etc are considered inappropriate. While greeting someone it is common for handshake between same sexes but simple hello is done between opposite sex. During a meeting it is important to go and speak to the most important person in the room first. These local customs must be observed in order to forge good business relationship in the country (Culture Crossings, n.d.). Political Civil Environment of Uzbekistan When Soviet Union broke in 1991, Uzbekistan gained its independence and appointed Islom Karimov as the Presidential head (Angus Reid Public Opinion, 2008). Since then Karimov have led an autocratic rule by extending his term of office in 2000 and 2007 in a series of democratic election that has come into fierce criticism from the international community (Harding, 2007). Next elections are scheduled to be held in 2014. In almost all international political and civil parameters Uzbekistan has shown downward trends indicating its worsening of the situation overtime. Figure 5: Uzbekistan Political Indicators. Source: Author Uzbekistan also has extremely high level of corruption. According to recent Transparency Internationals Corruption Perception Index (CPI), Uzbekistan ranks among the bottom of the 180 countries at rank 174. It has extremely poor confidence range of 1.5 1.8 (Transperency International, 2009). Figure 6: CPI Index 2009 Source: http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2009 Due to this firms frequently have to pay informal payments (bribes) to government to get the things done. About 67% percent of the firms are expected to make these payments to get things done (Enterprise Surveys, 2009). Figure 7: Informal Payments Statistics Source: http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/documents/CountryNotes/Uzbekistan_09.pdf Economic Structure of Uzbekistan Uzbekistan when it got freedom had relatively slow economic growth rate for first 12 years. Uzbekistan GDP, between 1994 to 2003, grew at average rate of 3.9% per year. But from 2005 onwards the country witnessed average growth of 8.2% (Asian Development Bank, 2010). Although the official data is doubtful as it probably overstates the level of economic growth. The U.S. Department of State Background Note for Uzbekistan states that many observers believe that employment growth and real wage growth have been stagnant (U.S. Department of State Background Notes, 2009). The poverty is quite prevalent in the country with 76.7% of population living below $2 a day (United Nations Development Programme, 2009). Although government is taking some positive steps to ramp up the economy. Policies like Anti-Crisis Program for 2009-2012 that government adopted in 2008 to combat the global recession had quite beneficial impact on Uzbekistan economy. Part of the policy was to promote foreign investment, for which government established free industrial economic zones in 2008, which provided foreign investors with tax and custom preferential facilities. Due to this government was able to tie up with 37 foreign investors for $500 million investment. This resulted in huge increase of 80% in foreign investment in 2009. Uzbekistan also observed very high import growth rate of 25.8% in 2009, mainly in infrastructure development, indicates governments acceptance to allow foreign investment in the country (Asian Development Bank, 2010). Figure 8: Uzbekistan Import/Export Indicators Source: http://www.adb.org/Documents/Books/ADO/2010/UZB.pdf Petroleum, Gold, Natural Gas and Cotton are the main 4 exports products of the Uzbekistan. According to the IMF estimations, energy products (Petroleum and Natural Gas) comprised about 26.3% of total exports in 2008 followed by gold at 15.7% and cotton at 13.1% (International Monetary Fund, 2008). International Trade of Uzbekistan International Trade Theory Framework is all about analysing from a countrys perspective about with whom they should trade and what products to trade. According to Daniels, Radebaugh and Sullivan (2010), there are five theories which try to explain a countrys advantage in International Trade. Figure 9: Theories of International Trade The advantage in international trade of Uzbekistan will be explained using two theories Natural Advantage and Factor Proportion Theory. Natural Advantage in case of Uzbekistan According to this theory a country produces those goods in which it has some natural advantage by way of its climate, people, resources etc. Uzbekistan has substantial advantage over most of the countries in the world in production of cotton due to favourable climatic conditions and availability of low cost labour. Climate in Uzbekistan is generally hot which is suitable for cotton growth. Hence Uzbekistan is the worlds 6th largest Cotton producer and 3rd largest Cotton exporter (National Cotton Council of America, 2010). Figure 10: World Cotton Export Rankings (2009) Source: Author Also the country has abundant energy resources. Uzbekistan is a major producer and exporter of Natural gas. Natural gas production was 2,387 billion cubic feet in 2008 ranking it at 14th place in the world. Out of this Uzbekistan exported about 22.20%, i.e. 530 bcf of natural gas (US Energy Information Administration, 2010). Factor Proportion Theory According to this theory different countries have different level of endowment of land, labour and capital. And the factor which is in more abundance will have lower costs than other factors. So the country tends to take advantage of this in the international trade by exporting those products that utilize the abundant factor and importing products that requires utilization of deficient factor. Uzbekistan has the advantage of low cost and skilled labour. It also has relatively low land. The country has very high literacy rate of 99.3% in 2003. There is lack of substantial capital or high level technology present in the country. Therefore Uzbekistans export mainly comprises of agricultural products, mined natural resources, services or low tech industrial products like chemical, plastic etc. Figure 11: Percentage Distribution of Total Exports Source: http://www.statistics.uz/data_finder/128/ On the other hand the country is severely lacking in the modern infrastructure and necessary technology or capital required to develop it. Therefore the bulk of its import, almost 50% comprised mainly of machinery and equipments. Figure 12: Percentage Distribution of Total Imports Source: http://www.statistics.uz/data_finder/128/ Porters Diamond of National Competitiveness Figure 13: Extended Porters Diamond Model of National Competitiveness Source: Porter (1990) Michael Porter introduced a diamond shaped model to analyze the areas of strength or weakness that gives a country a competitive advantage or disadvantage. This model includes four interconnected key elements: Figure 14: Key elements of Porters Diamond Factor Conditions: Uzbekistan has inconsistent infrastructure development. Main roads in the capital Tashkent and other major cities are relatively maintained outside the cities their conditions are poor. Suppliers have trouble in transporting goods from one place to another. The country has extensive rail network but only 17% is electrified. Although government recently announced big plans to improve both its national highway and rail network. Literacy in the country is very high at 99.3% for 15 years and up. The country also has abundant energy resources. The country is able to almost meet its coal requirement and produces enough natural gas that it manages to export 22% of it. Firm Strategy or Rivalry: Almost all the Industrial firms in the Uzbekistan are government owned and as such there is little to no competition among them. There are only few industries like energy, gold, foodstuff etc. present in the country which have some foreign investment. Most foreign investing companies are only allowed to invest by creating joint venture with state owned company in which the government owns majority stakes. Related and Supporting Industries: One of the most important supporting industry to establish a firm is financial sector which is seriously underdeveloped in Uzbekistan. It is dominated by state-owned banks and lacks competition. The government banks give loans to state owned companies at subsidized rate and for all else the interest rate is very high. Due to this private investors rarely take loans from local credit market. The whole country has access to electricity but the infrastructure is quite old and need modernizations. And as such there are frequent power outages. Demand Conditions: Due to widespread poverty of 76.7% there is not much demand of products apart from basic need like food, clothes, energy needs etc. And in these basic need the country is self-sufficient hence demand never exceeds supply. The government of Uzbekistan is the major importer of goods and services. Most of the imports comprises of equipments in energy, telecommunication and Information Technology hardware and software. Role of Government The government did not liberalise the economy sufficiently enough since freedom. It owns all major companies, strictly regulates foreign trade and follows the policy of import substitution. Monopolistic environment created by state-owned companies stifle the development of private sector. Recommendations for Uzbekistan The following are the recommendations the Uzbekistan government should implement for sustained growth of the country: Improving Business Climate: Government should stop pursuing the policy of import substitution and make it easier for foreign investment to invest in the country. Sustaining Macroeconomic Stability: Need improved macroeconomic policies to control inflation, eliminate restrictions on currency conversion, better regulation of financial sector would help in maintaining high economic growth rates. Boosting Agriculture Productivity: Better agricultural reforms, abolition of state dictated crop production, more power to farmers and investment in modern machinery would raise per capita income and reduce poverty. Improve Accountability and Transparency: The country ranks very poor in Transparency International Index at 174 of 180 nations. Corruption is rampant and Firms are frequently subjected to pay bribes. The government must put efforts in improving transparency for the firms to have any confidence in doing business in the country. Promote Open Competition: Government should end the policy of controlling all industries and creating monopolistic environment. Government should allow free control of industries by private sector. This will create more competition, promote innovation and would improve overall efficiency of the industries and boost economy.

Edgar Allan Poe Essay -- English Literature

Edgar Allan Poe Essay How does E.A. Poe explore the themes of horror and obsession in his short stories? In Edgar Allan Poe’s short stories the black cat and The Tell Tale Heart, both terrify the reader by making them believe they are the person going through these terrifying tales, as they believe they can hear the heart pound under the floor boards as in The Tell Tale Heart. Or they feel very cocky as showing the police round the basement 2 – 3 times until it all goes wrong, they feel it was them who committed these awful crimes. In the Black cat short story, it is the madness of the characters that creates the perfect scary story, the man trying to kill the cat and eventually killing his wife. Poe creates an atmosphere of horror by making the reader feel they are the main character, that they have just driven an axe in to there wives head. He wants the reader to feel scared and unsure, to be scared next time they hear a soft beating sound that is unexplainable, to remember the story and haunt you for as long as you live. The techniques he uses to do this are simple, but very, very affective, he repeats words and describes the most minute thing, for example, â€Å"It was open – wide, wide open – and I grew furious as I gazed upon it. I saw it with perfect distinctness – all a dull blue, with a hideous veil over it that chilled the very marrow in my bones: for I had directed the ray as if by instinct, precisely upon the damned spot.† That shows how he describes almost everything giving you a great idea of what was happening and how he repeated words to give a incredible sense of fear. Another method used by Edgar Allan Poe to illustrate the obsessions of his characters is that they all were slightly ... ...es the perfect horror story of his time. As the when the story’s are read in the present they do not scare us as we have seen horror films with people having objects rammed through there heads and horrible things that would scare the hair of a little child’s back. But even how descriptive the story is it wouldn’t scare you because of our modern day society. The techniques used by Edgar Allan Poe created tension and fear, wanting to know what happened next. And that is what happened. Edgar Allan Poe is successful through being able to reflect his life into his work, create new techniques for generations onwards to use, he gave some of the best examples of narrative stories and created some of the most describing pieces of work ever. In most peoples eyes he succeeded in being one of the top horror writers of all time, if not the most remembered and the best.

Celebrated Voices: Toba

Organ Theater. Celebrated Voices was directed by Co-directors Doris Hudson De Trujillo, Nicole Ortega and Monica Campbell. I am going to talk about one of the dances in the performance, Toby. Toby was choreographed by Wilson M. Dominique. It was performed by Dolan Brown, Molly Buffoons, Whitney Collins, Megan Cranny, Miriam Curtis, Baby Gibbs, Adam Jensen, Joshua Martinez, Delis Merrier, Kate Monsoon, Angela Nielsen, Leash Passel, and Jon Thomas.Wilson Dominique(Wilson, 2014) was born in Venezuela when his parents worked there. He moved back to Portugal when he was a teenager. He performed with Egalitarian Ballet , Lisbon, Portugal in Europe, primarily as a Soloist , for 16 years. He was also invited to create works for the Vireo Dance Company and The Dance Project in Portugal. Wilson has taught at Brigham Young University, Utah Valley University and university of Utah. In December of 2012, as a full scholarship recipient at University of Utah, he graduated with the Master of Fine Ar ts degree.In Toby, Wilson remembers his life in South America. He's thinking about how colonialism changed many original tribe's culture and destiny. Many cultures were forced to change and disappeared. In the beginning of the dance, people In the Village were very happy and dancing around. The setting of the stage Is a big back drop that is torn and ripped. He used blue and red to contrast the emotion, warm and cold, happiness and peace. Dancers performed how the village people enjoy their life in their traditional way. The music was cheerful.The cheerful voices sang long with the exciting drum beat and Ocarina. The village people were not rich. They wore worn clothes and were barefoot but they were celebrating happily. Suddenly,the music changed. The stage light became dark. The tone of the music was sad singing along with the drums. People struggled In the village. Then came the sound of thunder. The color of the stage was dark and gray. People struggled with the change of lifest yle brought about by the Colonialists. Dancers expressed how little they can do and how they couldn't fight the change.In the end of the dance, The duet dancers seem to say † take care. † They left the stage In the opposite direction to represent they chose a different path In life. And no one can resist the change. They Just accepted the change. Toby was a very beautiful piece choreographed by Wilson Demagogues. Wilson didn't mention which tribe or which culture was suffering. He left the meaning to the audience and let us decide. By monotonically and University of Utah. In December of 2012, as a full scholarship recipient at forced to change and disappeared.In the beginning of the dance, people in the Village were very happy and dancing around. The setting of the stage is a big back was sad singing along with the drums. People struggled in the village. Then came how little they can do and how they couldn't fight the change. In the end of the dance, The duet dancers see m to say † take care. † They left the stage in the opposite direction to represent they chose a different path in life. And no one can resist the Toby was a very beautiful piece choreographed by Wilson Dominique. Wilson